Factors Impacting Spouse of a Chronically Ill Patient Essay

Variables Impacting Spouse of a Chronically Ill Patient - Essay Example For example, a companion may be constrained to put aside close to home needs or rearrange private lives in anticipation of the flightiness of the state of the patient (Kapteinm, et al., 2007). Such startling events, as guaranteed by most life partners of the incessantly sick patient may ruin singular accomplishments and make relationship changes. On the side of the adjustment in relationship contention, hypothesis states that relationship changes radiate from the expanded musings about the future with respect to the solid life partner (Rees, et al., 2001). A large portion of the solid mates, if not empowered by the evil accomplice to be free, wind up enduring mentally because of expanded pressure originating from the concern of the agony experienced by the wiped out accomplice. Further examination demonstrates that most sick accomplices will in general endure as they attempt to adapt to their new ways of life. For example, a blog shows the nature of incessantly sick patients endures in a bunch of ways (sickmomma, 2013). They need to manage dread, discomfort, and aloofness. All these expressed angles have discrediting impacts on their sexuality and social observation. They regularly have weak because of the sympathy and consistent consideration they get from the general population, an angle that will in general compound the anguish of the agony. In simultaneousness with these opinions, Kaptein et al., (2007) guarantee that the absence of data on people in general on the most proficient method to treat at death's door patients is a noteworthy test. They contend that since their life partners and open sees them with feel sorry for, the constantly sick patients wind up review themselves as feeble in the general public. Taking everything into account, incessantly sick patients however experience the ill effects of the affliction; it is clear that their enduring spreads to their solid life partners. The abrupt change in way of life prompts startling movements in the relationship as the two accomplices attempt to acclimate to the new turns of events. Kaptein, A. A., Scharloo, M., Helder, D. I., Snoei, L., van Kempen, G. M., , J., . . . C. (2007).

Quality Function free essay sample

Quality Function Deployment:  ¦ To give client contribution at the item configuration stage  ¦ The procedure brings about a framework, alluded to as a â€Å"house of quality† for a specific item that relates client ascribes to building attributes.  ¦ The focal thought of QFD is the conviction that items ought to be intended to mirror the customers’ wants and tastes  ¦ The place of value gives a system to making an interpretation of consumer loyalty into recognizable and quantifiable conformance particulars for item or administration plan Place of Quality : Quality Function Deployment (Village Volvo): Village Volvo is a free auto administration carport that represents considerable authority in volvo car upkeep and contends with volvo sellers for clients. Town Volvo has chosen to evaluate its administration conveyance framework in examination with that of the volvo seller to decide zones for improving its serious position 1. Build up the point of the venture: for this situation, the target of the task is to survey Village Volvo’s serious position 2. We will compose a custom paper test on Quality Function or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Decide client desires: unwavering quality, responsiveness, affirmation, compassion and physical assets 3. Depict the components of the administration: for Village Volvo we have chosen preparing, demeanor, limit, data, and gear 4. Note the quality of connection between the administration components: three degree of solidarity of relationship: *= solid, . =medium, and O= powerless. E. g. , note a solid connection among preparing and perspectives. These connections may give valuable purposes of influence to improve administration quality. . Note the relationship between client desires and administration components: the body of the framework contains numbers somewhere in the range of 0 and (9 demonstrating a solid connect) to show the quality of the connection between an assistance component and comparing client desire 6. Weighting the administration components: this progression is taken to quantify the significance of a customer’s observation. The smokestack of the place of value contains a posting of the general significance of every client desire. The relative significance will be increased by the quality of the connection number in the body of the lattice under each assistance component to show up at a weighted score for the component. For instance, the preparation component would have a weighted score determined as (9)(8) + (7)(3) + (4)(0) + (2)(2) = 127 7. Administration component improvement trouble rank : in the cellar of the house is a positioning for the trouble of improving each help component, with a position of 1 being the most troublesome. Limit and hardware have a high position on account of their capital necessities 8. Appraisal of rivalry.

Elevate Your Sales Using Instagram in 2020

Elevate Your Sales Using Instagram in 2020 Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Elevate Your Sales Using Instagram in 2020Updated On 06/10/2019Author : Ram kumarTopic : InstagramShort URL : https://hbb.me/33apI9Q CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSocial media analysis has become an integral part of intercepting the choices of consumers. The increase in competition is tremendous, and you can only positively incline your sales if you market your product with effective brilliance.Digital marketing has become the fastest growing platform in recent times.It is a well-known fact that Instagram is a fairly successful and influential platform that has a huge ever-growing audience base.So today we will talk about how to boost your sales using Instagram. It doesn’t matter if you have any kind of shop or service, you can always find your audience on Instagram.What is important for your sales?First of all, people have to know about your product. More custome rs more sales! In simple words, if you think that your product can do better if it reaches a suitable audience because it is well worthy of all your hard work and marketing initiatives, you have to use special tools.We will talk about tools later, but for now, you have to remember about simple things that will help you to sell.When you use social media to promote your product always remember to:Use the relevant hashtag in your postsEngage with your followersPost at an appropriate timeUse personal data to make super target adsAnd with the last point PRO EXPORT NINJA can help you.Pro-Export Ninja is a distinctive tool that helps you to aim at an audience better suited for your Sales Growth. Allowing you to access various Instagram handles, this tool enables you to filter out phone numbers, emails, and other data like profile bio and social media engagements of your expected audience. It can extract such info:ProfilesUsernameFull NameBioFollowersFollowingNumber Of PostsNumber Of IGTVPr ivate Account Or NotApproved AccountPublic EmailProfile TypeCommunication MethodYou may have your suspicions regarding if the use of data scraper is legal or not. So, you must know that the information provided to you is simply available for anybody to access.  READ7 Ways To Build Your Brand With InstagramAs it is highly impractical to extract data manually from social sites, Because it is highly impractical to manually extract data from social sites, the tool is designed to make it easy for you to access data in thousands. Hence, be assured that this whole process is completely legal and risk-free.How can you use all this info?Establishing databases on Google and Facebook Business Manager.Establishing data lists of similar audiences.But this is not all. With this tool, you can extract all Influencers from any area in the world, gather their info and contact them for cooperation or ads.Its a very cool and uncommon way to promote your shop or services.  All the info you get in csv. f ile or Google Sheet. So you can easily export them into a Facebook manager or Google for ads.Using the tool for sales  The tool is extremely easy to use and feasible. The user interface is exceedingly friendly and interactive. Sparing a few minutes, you can learn the basics of the tool and how to export data to your preferred spreadsheet.  The site draws out data within a few seconds and allows you to easily transport it. Even large-scale searches need only a few minutes to proceed. The data now can be analyzed by you at your convenience and categorized into various charts and graphs pertaining to your needs.  As previously mentioned, you can also transport this data to Google, Facebook, and other online advertising platforms to see exceptional results in your sales.  You can proceed with your payment by using a credit or a debit card and also use your PayPal account. No subscriptions are needed. You can always choose a plan that best suits your requirements, and switch among other packages when necessary.Final verdictThese were some of the best strategies and techniques to boost your sales in no time. Be it manual or automation, but following these steps can turn the tables for you. So get going and reach your customers before anyone else!

Serial Killer Edward Gein

When police went to Ed Geins Plainfield, Wisconsin, farm to investigate the disappearance of a local woman, they had no idea they would discover some of the most grotesque crimes ever committed. Gein and an accomplice had been robbing graves to find bodies for his experiments, but he decided he needed fresher corpses and began killing and dismembering women. The Gein Family Ed, his older brother, Henry, his father, George, and his mother, Augusta, lived on a  farm a few miles outside Plainfield. George was an alcoholic, and Augusta, a religious fanatic, was a demanding and overbearing woman. She loathed George, but due to her deep religious beliefs, divorce wasnt an option. Augusta had run a small grocery store until she purchased the farm. She picked it because it was secluded and she wanted to keep outsiders  from influencing her sons. The boys left the farm only for school, and Augusta blocked their attempts to have friends. As far back as Ed could remember, Augusta either delegated farm work for the boys or quoted the Gospel. She labored to teach them about sin, especially the evils of sex and women. Ed was small and  appeared effeminate. He often laughed randomly, as if at his own jokes, which resulted in bullying. In 1940, when Ed was 34, George died as a result of his alcoholism. Four years later Henry died while fighting a fire. Ed was now responsible for the welfare of his domineering mother, tending to her until her death in 1945. Ed, now alone, sealed off all but one room and the kitchen of the farmhouse. He no longer worked the farm after the government began paying him under a soil conservation program. Local handyman jobs subsidized his income. Fantasy of Sex and Dismemberment Ed stayed to himself, spending hours obsessed with sexual fantasy and reading about female anatomy. Human experiments performed in Nazi camps also fascinated him. As his mental images of sex and dismemberment merged, Ed reached gratification. He told Gus, another loner and longtime friend, about experiments he wanted to perform, but he needed bodies, so together they began robbing graves, including that of Eds mother. Over ten years, experiments with the corpses became more gruesome and bizarre, including  necrophilia and cannibalism. Ed then returned the corpses to their graves, except for parts he kept as trophies. His obsession centered  on his overpowering desire to turn himself into a woman. He constructed items from womens skin that he could drape on himself, such as female masks and breasts. He even made a body-size female-like jumpsuit. Mary Hogan Grave robbing was his  only source of bodies until Ed decided that perfecting his sex change required fresher corpses. On Dec. 8, 1954, Ed killed tavern owner Mary Hogan. Police couldnt solve her disappearance, but evidence at the tavern indicated foul play. Gus wasnt involved in the murder, having been  institutionalized beforehand. Bernice Worden On Nov. 16, 1957, Ed entered  Bernice Wordens  hardware store, a place he had been  hundreds of times, so Bernice had no reason to fear him, even when he removed a .22 rifle from the display rack. After putting his own bullet into the rifle, Ed shot  Bernice, placed her body into the store truck, returned to get the cash register, and drove to his home. An investigation into  Bernices disappearance began after her son, Frank, a deputy sheriff, returned late that afternoon from a hunting trip and discovered his mother missing and blood on the floor of the store.  Although Ed had no criminal history, Waushara County Sheriff Art  Schley felt it was time to visit the  odd loner. Unfathomable Crimes Uncovered Police found Ed near his home, then went to his farmhouse hoping to find Bernice. They started with the shed. Working in the dark, Waushara County sheriff Art  Schley lit a torch and found Bernices naked corpse hanging upside down, disemboweled, the throat and head missing. Turning to Eds house, they found evidence  more horrific than anyone could have imagined. Everywhere they saw body parts: skulls made into bowls, jewelry made from human skin, hanging lips, chairs upholstered with human skin, facial skin that resembled masks, and a box of vulvas including his mothers, painted silver. The body parts, it was later determined, came from 15 women; some could never be identified. Wordens mothers heart was found in a pan on the stove. Ed  was committed to  Waupun State Mental Hospital for the rest of his life. It was revealed that he killed older women because of his love-hate feelings for his mother. He died of cancer at 78, and his remains were buried in his family plot in Plainfield. Ed Geins crimes as a serial killer inspired the film characters  Norman Bates (Psycho), Jame Gumb (The Silence of the Lambs) and Leatherface (Texas Chainsaw Massacre). Sources Deviant: The Shocking True Story of Ed Gein, by Harold Schechter

The Messianic Superego Liberation Of Self Essay

Daniel Wu English 12 AP Mr. Van Westervelt 23 December 2016 The Messianic Superego: Liberation of Fellow Men through the Sacrifice of Self Ken Kesey vehemently lashes against dictated social conformity, disguising his personal manifesto as his novel reflective of mid-twentieth century American society, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. The protagonist, Randle McMurphy, purposely casts away his own desire of self-preservation to deliver liberating freedom to prisoners broken by institutionalized sanity. Kesey develops McMurphy’s character as a tragic hero by drawing inspiration from religious texts, especially the Bible. The changing attitudes resulting from McMurphy’s presence not only evinces, but parallels the coming of Jesus Christ and the spiritual liberation of his followers; ascribing a quality such as Messianic selflessness, Kesey gives immense depth to McMurphy’s character. Both Ken Kesey’s literary work and the Ancient Rome’s political doctrines share a similar motif of oppression experienced by disenfranchised members of society Vividly depicting an oppressive institution through the eyes of Chief Bromden, Kesey immediately conveys to his readers the inherent monotony of the institutions. There is an authoritative totalitarian system where Nurse Ratched completely consolidates control. Rather than preparing misfits of society to reintegrate, Nurse Ratched entrances the ward with her hypnotic manipulation for her selfish desire to have uncontested sovereignty.

Eating Disorders And African American Women - 1944 Words

Abstract This paper is in reference to eating disorders in African American women, and how they differ to those of other minority groups. Through research, it was found that eating disorders are not as known in African American women, or women of minority due to cultural differences. Different studies were analyzed of African American women at different colleges, to verify that eating disorders were prevalent in the sample groups. It was concluded in several studies that obesity rates, racial identity, and body image were the determining factors of the eating disorders. Introduction: Eating disorders is an issue that women have been facing throughout history, yet there are different factors that have been associated with African American women opposed to other racial groups. Research has been done to prove that environmental factors, cultural factors, different types of identity, and others are the cause of these disorders. It is possible African American Women might have different factors than women of other minorities, due to racial segregation and treatment throughout time. The objectification theory (Fredrickson and Roberts, 1997) suggests that today’s culture plays a significant role in viewing the female body as an object, which can lead to self-consciousness, mental health disorders, and eating disorders. Yet in specifically African American women, this can also cause shame of their racial identity in addition to body image.Show MoreRelatedAn Increase Of Eating Disorders Among African American Women Essay2244 Words   |  9 Pages In 1980, the first African American Barbie was introduced to the world , 21 years after the original Barbie was created. The African American doll had a small waist and skinny legs, which is similar to the original Caucasian Barbie. (Reel Soohoo, 2008) Many say that the creation of the first African American Barbie doll was the start of negative body image within the African American community. People say this because the new Barbie promoted certain societal views that are very much still presentRead MoreBody Image : The African American Culture1667 Words   |  7 PagesImage in the African American Culture Today we live in a society that over the years has become so obsessed with body image and how an individual should look. Different cultures have different standards and norms that help to define their ideal body image. African Americans because of their differences in culture have gone against most cultural norms and have set their own definitions of beauty, body image, and body satisfaction. Because of these key differences, the African American communityRead More Eating Disorders, Body Image and Cultural Contexts Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesEating Disorders, Body Image and Cultural Contexts Although a great deal of early research on body image and eating disorders focused on upper/middle class Caucasians living in America or under the influence of Western ideals, many researchers are realizing that eating disorders are not isolated to this particular group. They are also realizing the differences in body image between occur in different races and genders (Pate, Pumariega, Hester 1992). Recently, several studies have shown that eatingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Globalization Of Eating Disorders 854 Words   |  4 Pages Eating Disorders In the essay â€Å"The Globalization of Eating Disorders† by Susan Bordo speaks about eating disorders. In society today appearance is a huge factor. Even though appearance has always been a major thing but now day’s people take it to the extreme when trying to have a certain body image. Now day’s people think beauty is whatever is on the outside, instead of the inside and the outside. Most people go on crazy strict diets, surgery and some go through starvation in order to becomeRead MoreThe Influence Of Black Women In America1044 Words   |  5 Pagesepidemic, and studies show African American women suffer from higher rates of being overweight or obese than Caucasian women. African American women are pressured by their culture to be self-accepting of their bodies that God gave them, and in their culture beauty is not only measured by weight, but by other personal features. Many Black women believe that the ‘thin ideal’ is for White women because t hey describe being heavier as sexy and having curves. With Black women being self-accepting of theirRead MoreEating Disorders : Anorexia Nervosa974 Words   |  4 PagesI have always been intrigued with eating disorders, particularly Anorexia Nervosa. When I was 18 years of age, my mother questioned whether or not I was Anorexic and she took me to the family practitioner, who then informed me that I was three pounds shy from being considered underweight. I knew I was thin, but I was really thin, but also really proud of my size. In an African American urban environment being thin was related to illness and drug abuse. I was often teased about how thin and fragileRead MoreThe Relationship Between Ethnicity And Risk Factor For Eating Disorders1721 Words   |  7 Pagesfor Eating Disorders The relationship between ethnicity and eating disorder risk factors is a complex issue. There are many other variables that affect these two ideas, such as socioeconomic status, level of educational attainment, and acculturation. Flaws in studies such as unrepresentative and insubstantial sample size, and participation bias still have yet to be corrected for in order to obtain a more accurate understanding of the role ethnicity and its factors plays in eating disorders. PreviousRead MoreIncrease in Eating Disorder Victims Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesIncrease in Eating Disorder Victims There are a number of eating disorders which many people suffer from, and most people may not even be aware that the way they eat could be classed as an eating disorder. Amongst the many disorders are the four most notable; binge eating, anorexia, bulimia and obesity. Another disorder vastly approaching the media limelight is bigorexia. The Eating Disorders Association defines this condition as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦outward signs of inner emotionalRead MoreEating Disorders : Bulimia Nervosa1383 Words   |  6 PagesBulimia Nervosa â€Å"Up to 30 million people of all ages and genders suffer from an eating disorder† (Wade, Keski- Rahkonen, Hudson, 1995). There are many factors which contribute to the development of eating disorders including â€Å"biology, emotional health, and societal expectation, and other issues† (â€Å"Diseases and Conditions Bulimia nervosa†). One of the most prominent eating disorders in America and around the globe has been around since the Middle Ages: â€Å"Bulimia is first reliably described amongRead MoreWhy Athletes Are Becoming An Elite Athlete909 Words   |  4 Pageswhether it be from alcohol and/or drug abuse, and eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or other disordered eating patterns. Both problems could be detrimental to the individual’s health and both raise ethical dilemmas for a coach to consider. In this paper we will further discuss the issues associated with both drug or substance abuse and eating disorders in athl etes. The first topic that will be discussed is an eating disorder known as Anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosas is

Pesticides Essay Example For Students

Pesticides Essay Pesticides and Their Harmful Affects There are many important issues in the world regarding the environment and its affects on theaverage person. Though, the one that hits closest to home, worldwide, is the trust that individualshave in the food that they consume. Yet pesticides are still found daily in foods all around theworld. Pesticides are toxins that are used by produce growers universally to control pests that candestroy crops. These toxins are being ingested by humans in the forms of fruits and vegetablesthat have remaining toxins on them. How safe are these toxins to humans and what is being doneto safeguard the environment as well as the health of individuals? Does the average personconsume harmful amounts of poison at every meal? If the levels are unsafe, why is this problemcontinuing to get a blind eye from the people who are supposed to protect society? Thesequestions when asked only lead to more questions. Until things are done to change the systemsof pesticide usage universally, society can never be sure as to the long term effects on ourenvironment and what they are eating or giving to the future of our world, the children. In someforeign countries pesticides are used more frequently with legislative control than in the UnitedStates. In Mexico and South America, for example, many of the pesticides that the United Statesand Europe have banned, wind up being used on a majority of their produce crops. The largestproblem with this is that Europe and the United States import from South America for produceall of the time. What good does it do to ban harmful agricultural chemicals to be used ondomestically grown crops if crops in other countries are grown with these same harmfulchemicals, and are then allowed to be imported? Mexico and South America are the leadingsuppliers of produce for the earths population because their climate is very conducive to yeararound crops. Unfortunately those countries are also known for their large amount of insects ofall varieties. These insects are steadily becoming more and more immune to toxins that aresprayed on crops. More than five hundred insects, one hundred and fifty plant diseases and twohundred and seventy weeds are now resistant to pesticides. Results are that U. S. growers as well,are steadily forced to apply more and stronger toxins. As the amount and the strength of the toxinincreases, the immunity of the targeted insects to these toxins also increases. Total U. S. croplosses from insect damage has nearly doubled since 1945. Insecticide use during this same timehas increased tenfold. This war will go on being waged until the game plan is changed. Theproduce export trade in some cities and countries constitutes the majority of their economy andthey will protect the resulting income at all costs. These places have very little legislation tocontrol chemical usage, and follow up on almost none of its effects. Officials do not care how itaffects consumers, being adults or children. Even their own agricultural workers health is of noconcern. These officials only care about producing crops and exporting them with as littleoverhead as possible. The bottom line is, always has been, and always will be money. In VillaJuarez, Mexico, many children who work in the produce fields are coming down with mysteriousillnesses and some people in this region put the blame directly on those childrens contact withthe chemical acephate and other pesticides that are used in that area. The use of acephate isillegal in the United States, but is perfectly legal in Mexico. .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 , .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .postImageUrl , .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 , .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:hover , .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:visited , .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:active { border:0!important; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:active , .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79 .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u197757cd1becc496b911e116fe143c79:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alexander the Great: Obituary. Essay Doctors in Juarez are treatingunusually high amounts of cancer and also fifty to eighty cases of chemical poisoning per weekin their agricultural workers. This continues to happen because the government and the growersdo not take these illnesses seriously; the workers are expendable. Growers in Culcan Valley,Mexico use chemicals to increase production of produce sold in the U.S. every winter.Unfortunately, studies that were preformed by the Government Accounting office in Mexicoshowed that at least six pesticides that are illegal in the U.S. were still on the produce when itwas exported. Moving on to South America, in Chile there are no clear guidelines governing theuse of agricultural chemicals on produce crops. In the city of Rancaga, a large fruit growingregion, a study was done to check the risks that rural

The Harlem Renaissance is a convenient metaphor Essay Thesis Example For Students

The Harlem Renaissance is a convenient metaphor Essay Thesis The Harlem Renaissance is a convenient metaphor for the artistic and intellectual explosion that took place during the asses and asses. Discuss. By Tanya Monkish-Benefit Kerr The Harlem Renaissance remains one of the most momentous creative movements in American history, exceeding its original importance to one specific interest group and hence cannot be looked upon simply as a convenient metaphor. This essay will show that in addition to the eruption of creativity, the Harlem Renaissance should be acknowledged for its significant contribution to changing the self-perception of the We will write a custom essay on The Harlem Renaissance is a convenient metaphor Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Negro in America in such a positive and significant way that eventually transformed the Harlem Renaissance into the Civil Rights Movement of the sasss and changed the identity of America forever. The renaissance served to create a perception of distinctiveness among African Americans, at the same time, compelling white America to acknowledge the significance of an ethnic group far too long seen as inferior. The Harlem Renaissance may be defined as an eruption of creativity overflowing from the gifted minds of African-Americans between the asses and asses; though in truth, it was the center of focus for the articulation and litigation of a marginalia populace as much as it was an artistic movement. Even though mostly considered an African-American literary movement, the Harlem Renaissance stretched far beyond books and poetry to embrace art, dance, and music. The creative minds of blacks behind the Harlem Renaissance used creative expression to make an important impact on all aspects of society, while at the same time providing African-Americans with their first sense of distinctiveness not defined by slavery. Embracing creative arts, individuals sought to re-conceptualize the Negro apart from the white stereotypes that had influenced black peoples allegations to their culture and to one another. They also sought to break free of Victorian ethical values and conformist shame about aspects of their lives that might strengthen racist opinions by whites. Never controlled by a specific school of thought but rather characterized by powerful debates, this movement laid the foundation for all later African American literature and had a huge influence on succeeding black literature and consciousness internationally. While the Harlem Renaissance was certainly not restricted to New York City, Harlem enticed a significant concentration of intellect and talent; therefore, it served as the symbolic capital of cultural development. During the 20th century, approximately six million African-Americans escaped the remunerative hardships and harsh segregationist laws of the South and migrated northward to metropolises in an effort to obtain Jobs and economic stability as well as searching for a more racially open-minded society. Winter estimated that 175,000 of these African-Americans settled in New York City. To attach an unambiguous commencement to the Harlem Renaissance by singling out one precise text can only serve to spark debates since black authors had been published since effortlessly definable as a defining moment was the range of issues that black writers covered as its onset. The true origin of this Renaissance is not in any single work that sparked a revolution, but in the various and multiple congregations of mutual interests by those yearning to showcase the remarkable surge of creativeness via the publication of literary magazines and books. Crucial to the movement were magazines such as the Crisis, published by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP); Opportunity, published by the National Urban League; and The Messenger, a socialist Journal eventually connected with the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, a black labor union. These groups attracted many Negro intellectuals who were particularly upset with the rise in violence against blacks in the United States; therefore, theses organization became the driving force for changing the status quo of the Negro. This mutual need to help one another was a primeval component in changing the movement from a purely literary standpoint into one that incorporated all fine arts; it also played an important role in turning the Harlem Renaissance into a search for a new identity for an ethnic group previously defined by centuries of oppression. Although the artists created vivacious and lasting works of literature, art and music, the Harlem Renaissance quickly became Just as important for the way in which it gave African-Americans a real culture and a pride in acknowledging and embracing that culture. .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea , .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .postImageUrl , .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea , .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:hover , .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:visited , .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:active { border:0!important; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:active , .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u33313720b771196ddf6eaa408ca9c1ea:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: High and Late Renaissance Period EssayPrior to this era, the representations of African-Americans in American literature were that of the illiterate and inferior peasant who made his or her living in the dirt of the cotton fields. The intellects contributed to the importance of the Harlem Renaissance by understanding and contributing to its purpose in creating positive role models for the Negro everywhere. One of the most important traits of the Harlem Renaissance is that teamwork was considered a better way to help individual works rather than to compete. An intuitive sense that any single artistic effort was going to define all others created an effort by everyone involved to create a cultural tapestry that served not Just other artists, but audiences as well. In reality, this cultural movement essentially created the idea of the black intellectual for both Americans and Europeans. Furthermore, the creation of the New Negro in Harlem represented the liberation of the last relics of chattel slavery, those of low esteem and even uncertainty and self-revulsion. Appraisers, however, query whether the Renaissance actually accomplished its goals of creating a new identity for the Negro separated from the history of slavery. One of the denunciations is that by trying to create a distinct culture detached from the past cruelties and even the influence of Anglo- European customs it succeeded only in alienation. A more powerful denunciation is that the Harlem Renaissance duplicated only the specific identity of the middle class, intelligent elites of an ethnic group trying to sway its background and views on a population still dominated by lower-class and illiterate people. Yet, another criticism is that the very goal of forging an identity for an entire ethnic group and socially enlightening them was utterly impractical because the vast numbers of African Americans were mostly oblivious of it or knew it only as history. The foundation of all criticisms of the Harlem Renaissance is that it encloses an inevitable element of two- fixedness in that it tried to produce a distinct identity that was centered primarily on white society and educational system. In fact, the central theme that can be concluded from all of the criticism is that it tried to accomplish little more than a lack representation of the white middle class establishment. What is not up for argument is the actual value of the artistic contributions of the era. James Weldon Johnson is an iconic figure in the initiation of the Harlem Renaissance both as writer and editor. He had written the contentious Autobiography of an Ex-colored Man and had also edited the book of American Negro Poetry. This collection showcased quite a few of the Renaissances most artistic poets, including Longboats Hughes, a man who became legendary in the literary world, Hughes possessed a passion for music and mentioned as a medium by showcasing the importance of traditional black folk music. Zorn Neal Hurst published a literary magazine that collapsed almost immediately because of funding issues, but was influential nevertheless. Hurst later achieved immortality with her book Their Eyes were Watching God. Literature was not the only art that defined the Harlem Renaissance. In fact, the music of the era may have been more significant in defining the uniqueness of the common Negro than the literary accomplishments. The music became a channel of communication, while providing inspiration to the literary achievements of writers and dramatists. Jazz surged into the arena of respectability and became symbolic as the essence of the urban way of life. The first Jazz performers were Bessie Smith, Duke Elongating, Charlie Parker and Billie Holiday. Added to this, Longboats Hughes specifically set out to bridge the gap between music and literature by adding the rhythms of Jazz into his poetry while Claude McKay used the ambiance of Jazz in his novel, Home to Harlem. Harlem Renaissance, therefore, epitomizes an attempt to combine artistic channels to construct an identity of artistic expression which is often views as the apex of human creation. It is from this view point that the Renaissance can be propelled to being much more than a metaphor which speaks to comparison, but rather this makes the Renaissance an exemplary worthy of imitation. The visual arts were also a vital component in stimulating the notion of a universality of individuality among blacks during the Harlem Renaissance. Aaron Douglas was head of the Department of Art at Fist University, where he exercised substantial influence over up and coming artists. He truly embraced the status of being the most important visual artist during the glory days of Harlem Renaissance, focusing on large murals hat brought to the fore the accomplishments of African-Americans all through history. .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 , .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .postImageUrl , .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 , .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:hover , .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:visited , .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:active { border:0!important; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:active , .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983 .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5da0abd6e25030c45332df024a760983:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Famous People in During the Harlem RenaissanceDouglas showed one of the undercurrents that drove the Harlem Renaissance, which was calling attention to value and contributions of blacks to the advancement of America. Implicit in that goal was the even greater goal of spurring future generations to even greater accomplishments and pride in their culture. Surely, the most long-lasting effect of the Harlem Renaissance may have been the one which entrenched upon the education of African Americans. The innovative endeavor of Negroes proved that stereotype of black inferiority was null and void. The enlightening legacy of the Harlem Renaissance was not simply one in which more blacks saw the significance of education but it was one which saw an intensification in the importance and availability of high education. After the renaissance, more African Americans than ever, enrolled in colleges and universities. However, it was education that African Americans obtained. Since the socio-political actualities of racism divided America either indirectly or openly in nearly every work of literature produced during this period, the Harlem Renaissance is acknowledged for generating militancy borne by that pursuit of knowledge. Anytime a people, who is exposed to an education system at a level they have been deprived of, it is only expected that certain quarters to identify the radical aspects of the denial of that education. Hence, there was a beginning of consciousness among African Americans across America that agreements made had not been kept from Reconstruction through World War I. The Renaissance essentially had the effect of deepening the sense of unfair discrimination by displaying how it could be achieved through much more indirect methods than chattel slavery or the Jim Crow Laws. A significant amount of the intellects of the movement urged that discrimination of this type be challenged and overcome. It could only be through education that the real issues African Americans met in a racially divided world could be dealt with, and as such the literature and art of this period forced black audiences to become to embrace education so that they could understand what they were reading or looking at. During the period of the Harlem Renaissance, African-Americans for the first time had an honest reason to experience pride and rejoice in their identity. Out of Harlem came works of literary, classical and fine arts that spoke of the contribution of their race and forced white supremacist groups to accept their contributions. In that moment in time, the entire world looked at Harlem as the future of artistic expression. The artistic works were grasped by scholars as a means of showcasing the idea that African-Americans no longer needed to classify themselves with a history of suppression and subsidiaries. The Harlem Renaissance produced novelists, poets, artists and musicians who are today considered some of the finest that America ever produced, regardless of the lour of ones skin. That, in fact, may be the ultimate achievement of the Harlem Renaissance. After the tremendous flood of artistic accomplishments that crossed every medium available, these Negro men and women and the works they created could no longer be treated with the grudging respect of great African-American art. Today the finest books, poems, music and artwork are universally recognized as simply great American art. Thus, in addition to the burst of creativity in the artistic and intellectual explosion, the Harlem Renaissance should be recognized for its nutrition to changing the self-image of the Negro; a rise in self-esteem that would eventually transform into the Civil Rights Movement of the asses and changed the identity of America forever. Indeed it was not a convenient metaphor but a celebration of African American heritage and cultural expression that continues to have positive effects on the social, intellectual and economic stature of African Americans and the Diaspora. 1. Bio True Story, Aaron Douglas Biography. 2. Houston Koala, Harlem. 3. Huggins Nathan, Harlem Renaissance (New York: Oxford University Press, 1971) . Kramer Victor and Robert Russ, Harlem Renaissance Re-Examined (New York: Whitish Publishing Company, 1997) 5.

Student Paraphrase and Ideas Essay

Student Paraphrase and Ideas Essay Student: Paraphrase and Ideas Essay Part 5: A tutorial on Paraphrasing This final part of the tutorial consists of 4 parts: Part 5a. How to paraphrase: A method. (A tutorial that helps you to develop the skills necessary to paraphrase successfully.) Part 5b. How to paraphrase: Using the method. (An interactive tutorial that allows you to practice and develop your paraphrasing skills.) Part 5c. How to use paraphrase in your assignments: A method. (A tutorial that shows you how to integrate paraphrase into your essays and reports.) Part 5d. How to Use paraphrase in your assignments: Using the method. (An interactive tutorial that allows you to practice and develop your skills in integrating paraphrase into your assignments.) PART 5a. How to paraphrase: A method How do you write effective paraphrases that avoid plagiarism? This section of the tutorial will provide you with a method of paraphrasing that will help you to avoid the kinds of writing practices that can lead to unintentional (or accidental) plagiarism. [pic] Take note! You will not be able to write successful paraphrases if you are too dependent on the original source, or if you try to paraphrase â€Å"word by word† from the source. There are 4 important steps or stages that can help you to produce a successful and appropriate paraphrase which avoids plagiarism: The section below will take you through these steps by providing an example source which talks about the causes of stress (stressors) in the workplace. Step 1. Read the original text carefully 1. Carefully read the original passage for understanding before you start to paraphrase the ideas in it. A very clear understanding of the original is essential. As you are about to paraphrase this passage you will need to read it several times to properly understand the ideas before trying to rewrite them in your own words. [pic] Take note! It is very important for successful paraphrasing that you think and read critically. Real mental engagement with any source under review involves a willingness to question and compare ideas in order to form a strong understanding and informed opinion. This kind of thoughtful interrogation of sources protects you from the simple repetition of ideas which not only leads to plagiarism but to poor paraphrases. Step 2: Explain it to yourself 2. Cover the passage or close the book (that contains the original passage) and explain to yourself what it is about. After reading the text you want to paraphrase, you should be able to explain to yourself the ideas or arguments in the text without referring back to it. If you cannot explain the ideas in the passage without constantly consulting the original passage then you are not ready to paraphrase it. Read the following explanation of the passage which shows the student’s understanding of the source and her capacity to explain it without continually referring back to the original text. [pic] [pic] Take note! Any attempt to paraphrase after only a quick reading of the text will lead to a dependence on the original source, which will result in a word by word and phrase by phrase paraphrase (usually by repeatedly moving back and forward between the original passage and the paraphrase). This practice leads to poorly constructed paraphrases and accidental plagiarism. Once you can clearly explain the passage to yourself in your own words, then you can begin the process of paraphrasing. Step 3: Paraphrase it 3. Write a paraphrase of the ideas, as you have understood them (without constantly referring back to the original passage). [pic] Take note! Use your explanation to write the paraphrase. Only refer back to the original text to check what you have written. If your paraphrase changes the meaning of the original text then adjust your paraphrase so that it reflects the meaning (not the wording) of the original source more accurately. The following paragraph is the

Trends Related To the Social, Economic, Technological, Competitive, Assignment

Trends Related To the Social, Economic, Technological, Competitive, and Regulatory Forces that Relate to the Product or Service - Assignment Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that economic factors include interest rates, taxation changes, economic growth, inflation and exchange rates. The current economic slowdown ensures that clients will start focusing on alternatives which will save their energy bill in the long run. It has been observed that new technologies create new products and new processes. It may be observed here that solar installations have become must more cost-efficient in the least efficient. Continuous R&D has also ensured that cost of production of other energy conserving products has gone down. Greenomics has a distinct first-mover advantage as the market is still new for players to come in and set up shop. Since it is a very new market, Greenomics may enjoy unique benefits while negotiating with its suppliers and end clients. Regulatory factors are the biggest positives that Greenomics have and will continue to, encounter in their quest. With the current global trend favori ng carbon credit regulations and the move towards the ‘Green Office’, clients seem to be lined up for Greenomics! The most important factor that needs consideration while calculating the target market for Greenomics is the fact that the concept of a ‘Green Office’, is still a new concept. So there are no set benchmarks, no set pattern and no established rules concerning the use of energy efficient techniques. The market for Greenomics will consist of all interested in having in place energy-conserving techniques at a place. The initial customers will be comprised of offices who are interested in saving money on the power bill in the long run. A more conscious clientele will, however, emerge, who are concerned about the immense environmental costs associated with traditional energy and thus focus on better and more efficient methods.

Obama Rally on November 4th Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Obama Rally on November 4th - Essay Example For sure, the likes of this campaign are such that they will probably never be repeated in history. Over $600 million dollars was spent by President-Elect Obama in his bid for the White House. However, his decision not to take public financing paid off. The fact that he counted on three million donors who gave an average of $86 dollars, mainly on the Internet-accounted for most of his war chest. This allowed him to outspend his rival, Sen. John McCain. In doing so, he was able to be more competitive in traditionally Republican-voting "red" states such as Florida, Virginia, Indiana, and North Carolina, Colorado, and New Mexico-which Obama won handily. The other, but more important historical factor of note is that we will have, for the first time in the history of our nation, an African-American President. This is significant for a number of reasons. The struggle that many black leaders have encountered over the years in the Civil Rights Movement, and the sacrifices that some gave wit h their lives, including Dr. King, Jr., and Medgar Evers, for example-are testaments to the many difficulties that African-Americans have suffered through the years, for the right to vote, for the rights to live in a desegregated society, and the right to live lives of dignity within their own communities. President-Elect Obama's speech encapsulated a heaviness as well, as it was a somber speech.

Structures of Bacterial Tyrosinases

Structures of Bacterial Tyrosinases Tyrosinases oxidise phenolic hydroxyl groups of small molecules or large polymeric substrates such as proteins. Tyrosinases catalyse first the ortho-hydroxylation of the phenolic substrate and second its subsequent oxidation to quinone (Figure 1) with the concomitant reduction of oxygen to water. The reaction is chromogenic as the quinones produced can undergo further non-enzymatic polymerisation to form black eu-melanins and, when reacting with thiol groups, brownish pheo-melanins [14]. This process can be inhibited by antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, for example to prevent the browning reaction in food preparations [15]. Tyrosinase activity is generally measured by either determining the consumption of oxygen during the reaction or spectrophotometrically by following the increase of absorbance at 475 nm due to dopachrome formation. The cross-linking activity of tyrosinase on proteins is usually analysed by SDS PAGE, size-exclusion chromatography, UV spectroscopy or mass spectrom etry [16]. The active site of tyrosinases interacts with both the phenolic substrates and the co-substrate oxygen and it alternates among three different oxidation states. When in the oxy state, tyrosinase binds oxygen and is able to catalyse the hydroxylation of monophenols to diphenols, thus changing into the met form. The met form of tyrosinase is responsible for the oxidation of diphenols to quinones and the reaction turns the enzyme into the deoxy form that, upon binding molecular oxygen, returns to the oxy form. The met form is the resting state of the enzyme and it has been calculated that up to 85% of the enzyme is in this state when in solution [17, 18]. The inability of most of the enzymes in an enzyme population to act on monophenols explains why a significant lag phase is detected in the activity when monophenols are the substrate of the reaction. Bacterial tyrosinases have been divided in five types according to the organisation of domains and the possible requirement of a caddie protein for enzyme activity [12]. The necessity of a secondary helper protein (caddie protein) for secretion, correct folding, assembly of the copper atoms and activity of the enzyme is common to tyrosinases of type I, e.g. the enzyme from S. castaneoglobisporus and S. antibioticus [19, 20]. Type II tyrosinases are small, monomeric enzymes containing only the catalytic domain, which do not require additional helper proteins and are possibly secreted. An example is the tyrosinase from B. megaterium [6]. Type III tyrosinases are represented by the enzyme from Verrucomicrobium spinosum. Like the fungal tyrosinases it carries a C-terminal domain whose removal led to about 100-fold higher activity [21]. This supports the theory that the role of the C-terminal extension in plant and fungal tyrosinases is to keep the enzyme in an inactive form inside the ce ll [22-24]. Among the smallest bacterial tyrosinases reported (Type IV) are the ones produced by Streptomyces nigrifaciens (18 kDa) and Bacillus thuringiensis (14 kDa) [25, 26]. However, it is debated whether these proteins are true tyrosinases [12]. Type V tyrosinases include enzymes that do not carry the sequence features of tyrosinases but show features typical of laccase and have only marginal activity on tyrosine. For example, a membrane-bound tyrosinase active on the typical laccase substrate ABTS (NCBI ID: AAF75831.2) has been isolated from Marinomonas mediterranea. A tyrosinase with a classical substrate specificity that is activated by SDS (NCBI ID: AAV49996.1) has also been reported from the same organism [27]. Similar to catechol oxidases and the oxygen carrying haemocyanins, tyrosinases are type-3 copper proteins, containing two copper atoms in the active site. The absorbance spectrum of oxy-tyrosinases has a characteristic maximum in the UV region (330-345 nm). As reported for the structurally similar catechol oxidases, a fluorescence intensity maximum at 330 nm upon excitation at 280 nm is also detected [28, 29]. Copper is essential for the catalytic activity of tyrosinases. The crystal structure of these enzymes has demonstrated the presence of two copper ions in the catalytic core (Table 1). In all tyrosinases of different origins and in the haemocyanins each of the copper ions is coordinated by three histidine residues that are found in a characteristic pattern in the primary structure (Figure 2). In the tyrosinase from Streptomyces glaucescens, for example, the key role of histidines at position 37, 53, 62, 189, 193 and 215 in the coordination of copper, and thus in catalytic activi ty, was confirmed by the decrease of activity upon their substitution with other amino acids [30, 31]. Various additional residues have been identified to have a function in fungal and bacterial tyrosinases, either being essential for or modulating tyrosinase activity. Sequence analysis and various mutagenesis studies have been performed in order to identify the residues necessary for the activity of the enzyme. In tyrosinase sequences from plants and fungi, the N-terminal signal peptide, when present, is followed by a conserved arginine residue that marks the beginning of the central catalytic domain and that forms a pi-cation interaction with a conserved C-terminal Y/FXY tyrosine motif, where X is any amino acid [32]. These residues are conserved also in bacterial tyrosinases (Supplementary file 1). Substitution of the N-terminal conserved arginine (R40) has been reported to abolish the production of tyrosinase from V. spinosum [21]. Two single-amino acid substitutions have been reported to improve the catalytic activity of the tyrosinase from Rhizobium etli CFN42. The independent r eplacement of proline at position 334 and of aspartic acid at position 535 (Supplementary file 1) with a smaller residue such as serine (P334S) or glycine (D535G), respectively, led to a significant enhancement of the catalytic activity and melanin formation [33-35]. In the tyrosinase from B. megaterium, a single substitution of arginine by histidine within the copper B binding region (R209H) has been sufficient for a 1.7-fold improvement of the activity towards tyrosine (monophenolase) and for a 1.5-fold reduction of activity on L-DOPA (diphenolase), whereby the overall protein stability was not affected [36]. The crystal structure of the tyrosinase from B. megaterium showed that this arginine is positioned at the entrance of the active site in a flexible position and plays a role in the docking of the substrate [6]. However, the conservative substitution of the corresponding residue asparagine 190 to glutamine (N190Q) in S. glaucescens tyrosinase abolished the catalytic activity, indicating that this residue was possibly involved in hydrogen bonding at the active site [30]. Moreover, the conservative substitution of the residue aspartic acid 209 (D209E) has been reported to stabilise the oxy-form of the same enzyme [37]. To our knowledge, no study has investigated the role of the oxygen binding motif PYWDW [38] with regards to the affinity for oxygen in tyrosinase. The affinity for the co-substrate oxygen has been evaluated for the tyrosinase from Streptomyces antibioticus that carries the PYWDW motif. It was found that this enzyme had a three-fold lower dissociation constant (kD) for oxygen than the A. bisporus tyrosinase [39, 40] that carries a PFWDW motif, i.e. 16.5 ÃŽ ¼M compared to 46.6 ÃŽ ¼M. The analysis of the characterised bacterial tyrosinases evidenced the presence of functionally active variants of this motif (Supplementary file 1 and 2), e.g. PYWNY in the tyrosinase from M. mediterranea, PFWDW in tyrosinase from R. etli, PYWEW in the tyrosinase from B. megaterium, PYWRF and PYWNW in the tyrosinases from Ralstonia solanacearum. Mutational studies have also addressed the interaction of tyrosinases from streptomycetes and their caddie protein. In S. antibioticus, the two histidine residues at positions 102 and 117 of the caddie protein MelC1 have been found to be crucial for the biosynthesis of active tyrosinase [41]. The available crystal structures of bacterial tyrosinases and their mutant forms have been obtained from Gram-positive S. castaneoglobisporus and B. megaterium (Table 1). While the B. megaterium tyrosinase formed crystals containing only the enzyme, the S. castaneoglobisporus tyrosinase required the presence of a second protein, referred to as caddie protein, to stabilise its structure [4]. Moreover, the structure of the Streptomyces tyrosinase has been solved in different states of oxidation. Aiming at understanding the interaction between tyrosinase and caddie protein, tyrosinase has been crystallised in the presence of mutant forms of the caddie protein (Table 1). Likewise, the fungal tyrosinase from A. bisporus was crystallised as a tetramer in a complex with a second protein, a lectin-like protein [7]. Both intracellular and secreted bacterial tyrosinases have been isolated and characterised. For example, the tyrosinases from Streptomyces nigrifaciens, Bacillus thuringiensis, M. mediterranea, R. solanacearum and Thermomicrobium roseum were isolated from cell biomass and the ones from S. antibioticus, S. glaucescens, S. castaneoglobisporus, Streptomyces albus, B. megaterium, Sinorhizobium meliloti, Aeromonas media, R. etli and V. spinosum were either isolated from the culture medium or predicted to be secreted [19, 21, 25, 26,42-51]. The twin-arginine signal peptide is often found in cofactor-binding oxidoreductases that undergo complete folding in the cytoplasm prior to secretion to the periplasmic or extracellular space. Twin-arginine type signal peptides [52] could be identified in the N-terminal region of tyrosinases from R. solanacearum (34-amino acid long) and V. spinosum (33-amino acid long). A more detailed analysis of the sequence retrieved for the tyrosinase from R. etli a nd the alignment with the other sequences of tyrosinases (Supplementary File 1) suggests the possibility of incorrect open reading frame prediction. The true N-terminal methionine may be M112 (underlined in Supplementary file 1) as it aligns with the initial residue of the tyrosinase from R. solanacearum (number 15 in Supplementary file 1) and is followed by a predicted twin-arginine signal peptide of 31 amino acids [51]. Thus, we suggest that these proteins purified from the cell biomass but carrying a signal peptide for secretion are localised in the periplasm. Tyrosinases, also from bacteria, and their caddie proteins generally lack conserved cysteine residues (for comments see [11, 12]). The paucity of cysteine residues, and thus disulphide bonds, allowed, however, the isolation of tyrosinases with significant thermal stability, e.g. the enzyme from B. megaterium had an optimum temperature of 50Â °C [48]. A single cysteine residue is conserved in proximity of the second histidine residue of the copper A binding motif in the characterised tyrosinases from M. mediterranea, R. solanacearum, S. meliloti, R. etli and V. spinosum (Supplementary file 1). A cysteine residue at this position has been found to be covalently bound to a histidine residue two positions forward in, for example, the fungal tyrosinase from Neurospora crassa [53], the plant catechol oxidase from I. batata [8] and haemocyanins from the snail Helix pomatia [54]. The function of this unusual cysteine-histidine bond is not established, but it could confer structural rigidity to the copper-binding region and affect the redox potential [8]. Replacement of this cysteine residue (C84) with serine abolished the production of the tyrosinase from V. spinosum [21]. Type-3 copper proteins carrying six conserved cysteines (forming three in silico predicted disulphide bonds) and characterised by significant thermal stability have been reported in fungi [26]. No mutagenesis study has addressed a possible improvement of the thermal stability of bacterial tyrosinases by introducing disulphide bonds. However, in silico analysis revealed the possible presence of one disulphide bond in the tyrosinases from R. solanacearum and S. meliloti and two in the enzymes from M. mediterranea and R. etli (Dianna software, http://clavius.bc.edu/~clotelab/DiANNA). The tyrosinase from S. castaneoglobisporus and the one from B. megaterium share approximately 30% sequence similarity with a catechol oxidase from Aspergillus oryzae that showed a melting temperature above 70Â °C and a ha lf-life of 20 hours when incubated at 50Â °C [29]. It should be noted that the tyrosinase from A. media exhibits different sequence features when compared to the other enzymes. The sequence alignment with bacterial tyrosinases shows that none of the typical signature motifs (copper A and B regions, oxygen binding motif and tyrosine motif) are present (see Supplementary file 1). Moreover, this enzyme has a predicted 23-amino acid long signal peptide [50] and shows strong sequence similarity to bacterial periplasmic proteins that are responsible for the uptake of peptides and involved in nutrition and sensing of the environment [55].

War and Memory in Irene Zabytko?s ?Home Soil?, Bruce Weigl?s ?Song of N

Bullets flying through the air right over me, my knees are shaking, and my feet are numb. I see familiar faces all around me dodging the explosives illuminating the air like lightning. Unfortunately, numerous familiar faces seem to disappear into the trenches. I try to run from the noise, but my mind keeps causing me to re-illustrate the painful memories left behind. The three narratives â€Å"Home Soil† by Irene Zabytko, â€Å"Song of Napalm† by Bruce Weigl, and â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen all have the same feelings of war and memory, although not everyone experiences the same war. Zabytko, Weigl, and Owen used shifting beats, dramatic descriptions, and intense, painful images, to convince us that the horror of war far outweighs the devoted awareness of those who fantasize war and the memories that support it. In the story â€Å"Home Soil† by Irene Zabytko, the reader is enlightened about a boy who was mentally and emotionally drained from the horrifying experiences of war. The father in the story knows exactly what the boy is going through, but he cannot help him, because everyone encounters his or her own recollection of war. â€Å"When their faces are contorted from sucking the cigarette, there is an unmistakable shadow of vulnerability and fear of living. That gesture and stance are more eloquent than the blood and guts war stories men spew over their beers† (Zabytko 492). The father, as a young man, was forced to reenact some of the same obligations, yet the father has learne...

Human Relations Case Study

Human Relations Human relations can be defined as a study of group behavior for the purpose of improving interpersonal and social relationships in work environment. In order to improve work productivity, achieve successful teamwork and understand the importance of managing people, it is necessary for managers to develop appropriate ways how to do it. Human relations management has become a concern of many companies. To increase work productivity each company must create a way how to motivate their employees, see them as individuals and not machines, and provide them with good working conditions.Since human being is the main key factor of the organization, managers should always be encouraged to seek for new opportunities for the company growth. Human relations movement approach was started and established by Elton Mayo – a Harvard professor who is most famous for the well-known Hawthorne studies experiment at the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric Company in Chicago,USA. Mayo conducted and analyzed the experiment for several years. The intention of the experiment was to investigate the relationship between work conditions and productivity by examining environmental influences at workplace.After a while experiment moved on to the psychological aspects as well. During this research, new approaches to motivation, social relations and employee care were developed in order to increase work performance and productivity. Experiment gave an opportunity to understand human behavior in groups and their needs in work environment. The experiment had four stages- illumination studies, relay assembly test room, interviewing process and bank wiring observation room. For the first stage, there were selected workers from the Hawthorne plant. Workers were separated in groups and placed under the eye of supervisor in separate test rooms.The idea was to research and determine relationship between illumination in workplace and employee work efficiency, by increasing or decr easing lighting in the test rooms. The final results were confusing and everyone thought that the experiment has failed, because despite of the increase or decrease of lighting-productivity has been increased or stayed the same at all times. Researchers tried to figure out different theories, why it has happened. The general conclusion was that illumination is not the most important factor of output. After this stage change in employee’s behavior was discovered, workers felt important and knew that the work erformance will be researched. Researchers decided to call this phenomenon as Hawthorne effect. This unusual effect is still noticeable in nowadays and it has a big role in human relations management. For example, clinical research organizations- when patients are randomized for the trial, organization is subordinating patients for the Hawthorne effect. Patient health is studied for a long period of time and special attention is received from many employees. Clinical trial organizations usually choose two randomization options for patients-giving the actual trial medicine or the placebo medicine, which is not a real treatment.In most of the cases, clinical trial measures can result either in true or false improvement, which is caused by Hawthorne effect. In clinical research industry important factor is not only scientific, but also psychological effect, because without investigating human factors, finding necessary answers would be much harder, if the theory would be based only on scientific and medical impacts. The second stage of the experiment was relay assembly test room. Again there were selected people from the Hawthorn plant and divided in groups.This stage was conducted to investigate importance of working hours, lunch breaks, rest periods, wages etc. There were numerous questions that needed to be answered in order to understand how to manage efficient working day. That is why researchers kept changing rest periods, work weeks, wages, super visory practices etc. This stage had the same effect as the illumination stage- no matter what change researchers introduced; productivity either increased or stayed the same. After this stage the most important conclusion was that material gains are not as important as the social processes at the workplace.Every company must pay attention to employee well being, in order to establish positive working conditions and improve employee motivation scheme. One of the most popular motivation programs in nowadays is the â€Å"Employee of the month† title. Organizations make effort to analyze employee’s accomplishments every month. That is a simple way how to say â€Å"thank you† for the effort that has been made and motivate for even more successful results by granting workers with the special title and, in some cases, even with material bonus. The third stage at the Hawthorne plant was interview process.Over 21,000 of employees were interviewed by the time of three ye ars to find out the reasons for the increased productivity in previous two stages. Questionnaires were about everything what affect employees working conditions. Workers were allowed to talk about anything, but not always the answers were truthful or useful for the experiment. During the interviews Mayo thought that he had spread his research too wide and too far, because many of the answers were too vague. At the end of the interviews, researchers were surprised by the unpredictable results again.Investigators came to revelation that employees started to reveal more of personal facts, by the time of interviewing. Rather than giving direct answers, workers chose to speak about their personal life details and issues. After this stage became clear, that each person has their own individuality and important fact for the employers is to create certain trainings and interview processes-applicable for every employee. Also it is important to create surveys for employees and clients as well , to make sure that the company is moving forward, not backwards.For example, worldwide hotel â€Å"Premier Inn† has created survey called â€Å"Your say† (Premier Inn, 2011), which is a short questionnaire for employees and guests. By asking questions about the guest satisfactory level, â€Å"Premier Inn† can summarize information and create a plan how to avoid from biggest mistakes and also consider guest recommendations. Survey is also for employees-to make sure every single employee is satisfied and after the survey there is possibility to organize meetings and discuss negative or positive outcomes of their responsibilities.Most of the companies use these surveys in nowadays, to strengthen and improve their business. The last stage at the bank wiring room in Chicago was conducted to study behavior of the workers in informal groups, and research the social structure and its importance at the workplace. Overall conclusion for this stage: when humans interact w ith each other for a long period of time, various social structures are being created. Work productivity is affected by social processes at workplace, which is why important factor in every organization is communication.Many companies use informal meetings to strengthen employees, by creating different team building programs, so employees doesn’t feel like that is a compulsory task to attend. Overall, the main characteristics of the Hawthorne experiment theory are still noticeable in nowadays. Motivation, social relations, employee care/needs in work environment and behavior of groups are the basics of the human relations movement. Elton Mayo’s experiment was a major historical event and even though Hawthorne studies received a lot of criticism, it was a huge step in human relations management.While Scientific Management looked at technology and processes, Mayo found that the real key to high productivity lies within the people and â€Å"work units,† or groups, in the organization (Odportal 2011). Human satisfaction will always lead to productivity, which is why communication at workplace is important factor to achieve positive results. Also motivated workers are always more committed to their job-this was one of the most important characteristics in Hawthorne experiment. Without human relations theory, working conditions would be slightly different nowadays.Every person has their own individuality and needs, why it is important for organizations to take care of employees, make their own researches and seek for different options how to keep employees interested and motivated at all times. References 1. A Fast Learner’s Guide to Leadership. The Human Relations Movement. http://www. odportal. com/leadership/fastlearner/humanrelations. html -accessed 01/11/2011 [i. p. 1] 2. Guest Recommend Survey http://www. premierinn. com/en/why/contact_us/guest-recommend-survey. html – accessed 01/11/2011 [i. p. 1]

Gender And Technology Has Become A Important Factor Within...

Gender and technology has become a very important factor within today’s society, as it reflects upon the overlaps between gender, digital technologies and democracy. Technology has presented both genders in provocative ways that tends to lead to sexual harassment and then for political action to end gender based violence. This then becomes essential and fundamental to the working of and towards a healthy democracy. The term Cyberfeminism has been developed throughout the previous years as feminists who are interested in exploiting with technologies, such as the Internet and cyber-space think it is a vehicle of freedom from the dissolution of sex and gender. An example of online digital media that illustrates the case of gender of Cyberfeminism is the online media campaign called â€Å"Free The Nipple.† This essay will firstly describe this cyberfeminism campaign and how it is relevant towards gender and technology. Then it will examine how digital media can be used as a form of resistance against stereotypes and ideological assumptions in relation to the role of women in contemporary society. Thus the difference between men and women become relevant to these media phenomena and is of importance for gender patterns when considering it in relation to the Internet. (Bimber, 3) On December 12th, 2014, was the initial release of â€Å"Free The Nipple† campaign, which is and/or was targeting all kinds of women from around the world to empower them and to be apart of the equality movement.Show MoreRelatedBusiness Comm Final Paper1535 Words   |  7 PagesWilson December 7, 2014 Final Paper Gender â€Å"Ideals† and the Workplace Introduction For several decades now, women have struggled with equality in the workplace. â€Å"Men are told to think like a woman and women are told to act like a man† (Valian, 1998). 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